Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, commonly known as OCD, is a mental health condition characterized by the presence of obsessions, compulsions, or both. Obsessions are intrusive, unwanted thoughts, images, or urges that cause significant anxiety or distress. Compulsions are repetitive behaviors o mental acts that a person feels driven to perform in response to an obsession, often in an attempt to reduce distress or prevent a feared event.
While many people have occasional intrusive thoughts or repetitive behaviors, OCD becomes a clinical concern when these patterns are time-consuming (typically taking more than an hour a day), cause significant distress, or interfere with daily functioning.
OCD can present in various forms. Some individuals may struggle with contamination fears and excessive cleaning, while others might be preoccupied with symmetry, order, or intrusive taboo thoughts. Compulsions might include checking, counting, reassurance-seeking, or mental rituals that aren’t always visible to others.
OCD is a highly treatable condition. Evidence-based treatments include therapies such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), particularly Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP) and medication such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Sometimes, treatment will involve a combination of both therapy and medication. With the right support, individuals with OCD can manage symptoms and regain a sense of control over time.